In short
8D is a structured problem-solving method made up of eight disciplines, from forming a team to root cause analysis and verifying a permanent fix.
The 8D steps are generally: form the team, describe the problem, contain it, analyse the root cause, choose permanent corrective actions, implement and validate them, prevent recurrence and recognise the team.
It is frequently required in the automotive supply chain when responding to customer complaints. Linking 8D reports to CAPA and FMEA records ensures lessons learned become organisational memory.